The installation of a typical small flat solar PV mounting system mainly consists of three core components: triangular beam supports, crossbeam supports, and vertical supports. Their primary function is to maintain a specific angle with the installation surface. Additional installation parts include load-bearing components, diagonal braces, tie rods, clamps, hinges, bolts, and connectors.
① Triangular beam supports come in both longitudinal and transverse types (including back beams, inclined beams, and lower beams), and are generally made of flat steel.
② Crossbeam supports mainly serve a pressure-resistant role. Usually, aluminum alloy C-sections are used, with the hole diameter selected based on the specific application scenario.
③ Vertical supports can either be the back beams of the triangular beam frame or be designed separately.
④ Other connecting structures mainly function to secure the mounting system. During installation, bolts are used to join and fix the triangular beam supports, which are then connected and secured to other crossbeams and vertical supports. However, the following points require special attention: a stop component must be added when connecting the crossbeams to the support frames; if necessary, tie rods can be used for connection in the crossbeams, and the installation of tie rods and diagonal braces depends on the span size; when the crossbeams are too long, connecting plates and bolts should be used for joining and fixing.
The selection of materials and installation methods for solar PV mounting systems requires rigorous calculations for confirmation. Additionally, it is influenced by factors such as the texture of the installation site, climate, and environment, with weather resistance also serving as one of the bases for selection. For example, in installation sites with soft textures, ground anchors can be used for fixation; if the historical maximum wind speed or maximum snowfall falls within a certain range, materials that not only meet the requirements but also have lower costs can be appropriately selected. Furthermore, factors such as maintenance and material recycling should also be taken into consideration.
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